Medical Microbiology and Immunology (BUMK_080)
About Study Course
Objective
To provide knowledge of the structure, properties, pathogenicity factors of bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites and their role in the development of infections. To provide knowledge of the human microbiome, its role in normality and pathology. To provide information on the cultivation of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, methods of isolation of pure cultures and methods of identification of bacteria. Provide knowledge of groups of antibiotics, their mechanisms of action, bacterial resistance mechanisms, methods of detecting antibacterial susceptibility. Present disinfection and sterilisation methods and their role in the prevention of nosocomial infections. To know the innate resistance of the organism, mechanisms of resistance.To provide knowledge of the body's immune system, immune cells, cytokines, signalling and cell activation. Types and mechanisms of the immune response. The importance of humoral and cellular immunity in bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic infections, immunoglobulins, their classes and importance. Knowledge of immunopathology, hypersensitivity reactions and their mechanisms. Knowledge of immunisation, types of vaccines, mechanisms of their action. Knowledge of serodiagnostics, types of serological reactions, molecular diagnostic methods, their working principles.Knowledge of clinically relevant infectious diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites, the role of pathogens in their pathogenesis. Knowledge of diagnostic methods in clinical bacteriology, virology, mycology and parasitology, diagnostic algorithms, principles of non-specific and specific prevention, principles of antibacterial therapy selection.
Prerequisites
Molecular and cellular biology, human anatomy, histology, medical genetics, biochemistry and human physiology.
Learning outcomes
1.At the end of the course part 1 students will be able to characterise the properties of bacteria, viruses, fungi, their morphology, pathogenicity factors, their role in the development of infectious diseases and the interaction process with the role of macroorganisms, human body and environmental microbiota. Students will gain knowledge of groups of antibiotics, their mechanisms of action, mechanisms of bacterial resistance. Students will learn about protective immunity mechanisms of the human body, types and significance of immune response, immunisation and immunisation mechanisms, immunopathology, hypersensitivity reactions.
1.On completion of the part 1 the student will be able to:
• microscopically examine patient material, inoculate using appropriate media
• isolate and identify pure cultures of bacteria,
• assess sensitivity to antibiotics
• use sterilisation methods
• use disinfection methods
• use bacteriological, serological and molecular diagnostic methods.
1.By combining theoretical knowledge and practical skills, students will be able to understand the role of viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites in the development of infectious diseases; understand the role of the pathogen in the pathogenesis of disease; to understand the mechanisms and role of immune response; know the pathogenesis, symptoms and specific and non-specific prevention of major infections; and use knowledge of bacteriological, serological and molecular methods for their diagnosis. Students will be able to explain how the pathogenesis of infections affects the selection of specimens to be tested and the interpretation of tests. They will be able to solve clinical cases involving information about different pathogens.
