Surgery, Traumatology (RGA_018)
About Study Course
Objective
To ensure acquisition of theoretical knowledge and practical skills in accordance with the requirements of the family doctor specialty regulation, prepare a specialist who is able to provide constant, uninterrupted and comprehensive care of the patient and their family members and help the patient make a choice between the offered health care services, ensuring the patient’s abilities for better physical, mental and social functioning, is able to assess the patient’s state of health, diagnose diseases and provide supportive treatment according to the defined competences. To prepare the doctor for certification in the specialty of family doctor, in accordance with the regulatory documents of the Republic of Latvia.
Learning outcomes
1.To demonstrate in-depth or extended knowledge and understanding of the following:
• the most common surgical diseases in primary care and practical skills of diagnostic and therapeutic manipulations, rehabilitation of surgical patients, care of chronic patients and work expertise, tactics in case of oncological diseases, care of inoperable patients;
• indications for operations and rehabilitation of orthopaedic patients (referral indications and evaluation of rehabilitation outcomes), diagnosis of acute limb ischemia, lower limb venous diseases, diagnosis and surgical treatment options in case of atherosclerosis;
• manual examination of peripheral blood vessels and extracranial arteries, especially to assess the urgency of the situation (pain in the lower limbs, phlebothrombosis);
• to apply theory, methods and problem-solving skills independently to perform clinical or research activities or highly skilled professional functions;
• to independently formulate and critically analyse complex scientific and professional problems;
• to justify decisions and, if necessary, perform additional analysis to integrate knowledge from different fields.
Has an idea, knowledge and understanding of surgical problems and diseases:
- stomach ache,
- haemorrhages in the abdominal cavity,
- subcutaneous haematoma,
- opening purulent superficial abscesses,
- chronic trophic ulcers, treatment of ulcers,
- pressure ulcers,
- knowledge of indications for referral of patients for surgical treatment,
- outpatient treatment and care in the postoperative phase,
- primary dressing of wounds, diagnosis and first aid in case of injuries,
- diagnosis in case of orthopaedic problems (flat foot, hip, knee joint osteoarthritis, knowledge of indications for joint endoprosthesis),
- diagnosis of visual forms of cancer, screening and monitoring of risk groups.
1.To perform manipulations: Rectal examination, novocaine blockade, local anaesthesia for infiltrations and peripheral nerve blocks. Dressing wounds. Primary dressing of wounds. Opening of purulent inflammations. Application of subcutaneous suture for wounds, removal of a skin suture. Excisions.
• manual examination of peripheral blood vessels and extracranial arteries,
• to independently advance the development of one’s competence and specialisation,
• to take responsibility for the work results of personnel groups and analysis thereof.
Surgical manipulations:
- minor outpatient surgeries (suture of wounds, opening of abscesses, removal of foreign bodies, excision of warts),
- local anaesthesia,
- dressing of wounds,
- fracture fixation, splinting.
1.During the study process, the knowledge required for the family doctor specialty and the corresponding practical activity in clinical medicine are divided as follows:
1. the family doctor diagnoses, evaluates the patient’s condition, treats the illness independently and acts independently;
2. the family doctor diagnoses, evaluates the patient’s condition and treats the disease independently, if necessary using the consultations of doctors of other specialties;
3. the family doctor evaluates the patient’s condition and constructs a working hypothesis, but refers the patient to the care of other health care specialists for confirmation of the disease diagnosis and further treatment, together with these specialists participates in the evaluation of the outcomes of therapy and the state of health of the patient with chronic diseases and, after the patient’s clinical recovery or the end of the exacerbation phase of the chronic disease, continues ongoing monitoring of the patient’s state of health and organises their rehabilitation;
4. the general practitioner diagnoses and refers the patient for further hospital treatment to ensure life support after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation, as well as to initiate surgical or trauma treatment and, after the patient’s clinical recovery, organises their rehabilitation and fulfilment of the recommendations of doctors of other specialties.
During their studies, medical residents acquire knowledge and skills in the six key competences of family medicine:
1. Organisation/management of primary health care;
2. Person-centred care;
3. Specific problem solving skills;
4. A comprehensive approach to problem solving;
5. Community-oriented health care;
6. A holistic approach.
