Medical Microbiology

Study Course Description

Course Description Statuss:Approved

Course Description Version:6.00

Study Course Accepted:13.07.2021 12:07:10

Study Course Information
Course Code:		BUMK_015		LQF level:		Level 7
Credit Points:		8.00		ECTS:		12.00
Branch of Science:		Clinical Medicine; Microbiology and Virology		Target Audience:		Medicine
Study Course Supervisor
Course Supervisor:		Juta Kroiča
Study Course Implementer
Structural Unit:		Department of Biology and Microbiology
The Head of Structural Unit:
Contacts:		Riga, 16 Dzirciema Street, bmkrsu[pnkts]lv, +371 67061584
Study Course Planning
Full-Time - Semester No.1
Lectures (count)		11	Lecture Length (academic hours)		2	Total Contact Hours of Lectures		22
Classes (count)		14	Class Length (academic hours)		3	Total Contact Hours of Classes		42
Total Contact Hours								64
Full-Time - Semester No.2
Lectures (count)		12	Lecture Length (academic hours)		2	Total Contact Hours of Lectures		24
Classes (count)		13	Class Length (academic hours)		3	Total Contact Hours of Classes		39
Total Contact Hours								63
Study course description
Preliminary Knowledge:
Molecular Biology, Anatomy, Histology, Genetics, Physiology and Biochemistry.
Objective:
To provide knowledge about structure and qualities of bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites and their role in infectious disease. To provide knowledge about innate and adaptive immune response. To inform about bacteriological, virological and serological diagnostic methods. Diagnostics of fungal and parasitic infections. To provide knowledge about antibiotics, their mechanisms of action and mechanisms of antibacterial resistance.
Topic Layout (Full-Time)
No.	Topic			Type of Implementation		Number	Venue
1	Brief history of microbiology. Taxonomy of microorganisms. The structure of bacterial cell.			Lectures		1.00	auditorium
2	Normal human microbiota and microbiota of an environment. Control of microbial growth. Infection.			Lectures		1.00	auditorium
3	Bacterial metabolism. Microbial growth. The atypical bacteria, fungi, viruses. Bacterial pathogenicity.			Lectures		1.00	auditorium
4	Antibiotics. Microorganisms resistance against antibiotics. Mechanisms of resistance.			Lectures		1.00	auditorium
5	Safety in microbiology laboratory. Microscopy. Microbiological smears. Simple methods of staining.			Classes		1.00	laboratory
6	Complex methods of staining. The morphology of bacterial cell - endospores, flagella, inclusion bodies.			Classes		1.00	laboratory
7	Cultivation of bacteria. Media. The atypical bacteria, fungi, viruses.			Classes		1.00	clinical base
8	Pure cultures. Cultivation of anaerobic microorganisms. Identification of pure cultures. Cultural, morphological, biochemical properties of bacteria. Sampling of normal microbiota of human body.			Classes		1.00	laboratory
9	Normal human and environment microbiota. Principles of examination and evaluation of microbiota.			Classes		1.00	laboratory
10	Examination of antibacterial susceptibility. Disinfection methods. Sterilisation methods.			Classes		1.00	laboratory
11	Immunity, classification of it. Non-specific resistance of organism. General and cellular factors – phagocytosis, inflammation, TLR, mechanisms, outcomes.			Lectures		1.00	auditorium
12	Humoral factors of unspecific resistance. Complement system, activation factors, outcomes.			Lectures		1.00	auditorium
13	Antigens, their structure. MHC-I and MHC-II class antigens, their properties. Antibodies, their structure, properties. Ig classes.			Lectures		1.00	auditorium
14	T Lymphocytes, hystiogenesis, receptors, functions. NK cells.			Lectures		1.00	auditorium
15	B ly, Macrophages, APC. Primary and secondary humoral immune response.			Lectures		1.00	auditorium
16	Cellular immune response. Antiviral immune response. Antitoxic, antifungal, anticapsular immune response.			Lectures		1.00	auditorium
17	Hypersensitivity, characteristics, types of reactions and mechanisms.			Lectures		1.00	auditorium
18	Interaction of micro and macroorganisms. Bacterial pathogenicity factors and role of human protective factors in origin of infection.			Classes		1.00	laboratory
19	Serological reactions. Diagnosticums. Immune sera. Agglutination reactions.			Classes		1.00	laboratory
20	Precipitation test. Lytic reactions.			Classes		1.00	laboratory
21	The use of labeled antibodies and antigens in serological reactions (ELISA, IFA). PCR.			Classes		1.00	laboratory
22	Antiviral, antitoxic, antifungal, anticapsular immune response.			Classes		1.00	laboratory
23	Immune response. Immunization mechanisms, mechanisms of immune prophylaxis.			Classes		1.00	laboratory
24	Immune pathology, hypersensitivity.			Classes		1.00	laboratory
25	Microbiological diagnostic algorhytm of microorganisms.			Classes		1.00	laboratory
26	Enterobacteriaceae, E.coli, Salmonella spp.			Lectures		1.00	laboratory
27	Shigella. Yersinia. Campylobacter. Helicobacter. Cholera.			Lectures		1.00	auditorium
28	Anaerobic bacteria. Corynebacterium diphtheria. Hospital acquired infection. Clinical bacteriology.			Lectures		1.00	auditorium
29	Pathogenic coccus.			Lectures		1.00	auditorium
30	Pathogenic Spirochettae. Mycoplasma. Chlamydia.			Lectures		1.00	auditorium
31	The causative agents of Tuberculosis and Actinomycosis.			Lectures		1.00	auditorium
32	Pathogenic fungi.			Lectures		1.00	auditorium
33	Microbiological diagnosis of E.coli, Salmonella spp infections.			Classes		1.00	laboratory
34	Microbiological diagnosis of the diseases caused by Yersinia, Shigella, Campylobacter, Helicobacter and Vibrio cholerae.			Classes		1.00	laboratory
35	Microbiological diagnosis of diseases caused by Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp., gonococcus and meningococcus.			Classes		1.00	laboratory
36	Microbiological diagnosis of diphtheria and infections caused by genus Clostridium.			Classes		1.00	laboratory
37	Microbiological diagnosis of Tuberculosis, Mycobacteria spp., Actinomycosis.			Classes		1.00	laboratory
38	Syphilis, Borreliosis and Leptospirosis. Diagnostic tests of diseases caused by Chlamydia, Mycoplasma.			Classes		1.00	laboratory
39	Clinical bacteriology. Examination of pus, blood, sputum and urine, cerebro-sprinal fluid. Diagnostic tests of diseases caused by Fungi (Dermatophytes, Candida, Cryptococcus).			Classes		1.00	laboratory
40	Orthomyxoviridae, paramyxoviridae. Herpesviruses. Adenoviruses.			Lectures		1.00	auditorium
41	Enteroviruses. Hepatitis A,B,C,D,E.			Lectures		1.00	auditorium
42	Neurotropic viruses. Slow viral infections. Oncovirology. HIV. AIDS.			Lectures		1.00	auditorium
43	Causative viral agents of respiratory infections. Principles of viral diagnostics. Diagnostics of respiratory viruses.			Classes		1.00	laboratory
44	Diagnostic tests of the Enteroviruses and diseases caused by Hepatitis Viruses.			Classes		1.00	laboratory
45	Virological diagnostics of neurotropic viral infections (Tick-born encephalitis and rhabies). Diagnostic principles of HIV, AIDS.			Classes		1.00	laboratory
46	Introduction to medical parasitology. Classification of parasites. Helminths– trematodes (Trematoda) and cestodes (Cestoda). Parasitic protists (Protozoa), their classification. Their caused diseases in human.			Lectures		1.00	auditorium
47	Helminths – nematodes (Nematoda). Parasitic arthropods (Arthropoda), their significance as vectors. Vector borne diseases.			Lectures		1.00	auditorium
48	Protozoa - Trichomonas vaginalis, Giardia duodenalis, Entamoeba spp., Acanthamoeba spp., Balantidium coli, Toxoplasma gondii, Plasmodium spp. Helminths – trematodes, their characteristics: Fasciola hepatica, Schistosoma spp. Cestodes, their characteristics: Taenia solium, T. saginata, Diphyllobothrium latum, Hymenolepis nana, Echinococcus granulosus, Echinococcus multilocularis.			Classes		2.00	laboratory
49	Helminths – nematodes, their characteristics: Enterobius vermicularis, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Trichinella spiralis, Toxocara cati, Toxocara canis. Parasitic arthropods (Arthropoda), their significance as vectors. Insects, ticks etc.			Classes		1.00	laboratory
Assessment
Unaided Work:
Within the framework of the course, students work individually and in groups. The preparation of presentations in accordance with the topics of the course.
Assessment Criteria:
• Regular attendance of practical classes and active participation in them. • Passed semester colloquia. A colloquium includes the assessment of theoretical knowledge and practical skills. • After 3rd semester – a test (written). • At the end of the course – a written examination consisting essay-type questions and questions regarding practical classes.
Final Examination (Full-Time):		Exam (Written)
Final Examination (Part-Time):
Learning Outcomes
Knowledge:		On completion of the course the students will be able to describe bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites, to understand their pathogenic factors as well as their role in the origin of infectious diseases and in the interrelation with host. They will be informed about the main methods of diagnostics, unspecific and specific methods of prevention of infectious diseases.
Skills:		On completion of the course the students will be able to: • collect, transport and examine patients' material; • identify the pure culture of the causautive agents, evaluate their antibacterial susceptibility; • use bacteriological, serological and molecular methods.
Competencies:		Upon combining the theoretical knowledge and practical skills, the students will be able to understand the significance of viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites as causative agents of diseases and to relate them to the mechanisms of pathogenecity and interreaction with the host.
Bibliography
No.	Reference
Required Reading
1	MIKROBIOLOĢIJA
2	Medical Microbiology, Murray, Patrick R. Datu bāze:
3	ClinicalKey
4	Jawetz, Melnick & Adelberg’s Medical Microbiology
5	AccessMedicine
6	Review of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Warren Levinson
7	AccessMedicine
8	Sherris Medical Microbiology, Ryan
9	AccessMedicine
10	Metodiskās rekomendācijas praktiskajām nodarbībām „Vispārīgā mikrobioloģija”. Rīga, RSU, 2015
11	Imunoloģija:
12	Review of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Warren Levinson
13	AccessMedicine
14	Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Abbas Abul K.
15	ClinicalKey
16	Metodiskās rekomendācijas praktiskajām nodarbībām „Infekcija un imunitāte”. Rīga, RSU, 2017.
Additional Reading
1	Prof. A.Lejnieka red. Klīniskā medicīna. 3. grāmata.Medicīnas apgāds. 2012.
2	A. Žileviča, Medicīna mikrobioloģija I Vispārīgā mikrobioloģija un infekcijas imunoloģija, LU Akadēmiskais apgāds, 2014.
Other Information Sources
1	http://estudijas. rsu.lv.
2	http://www.medscape.com
3	http://www.pubmed.com